[ad_1]
The Tanzanian writer Abdulrazak Gurnah is the most recent Nobel Prize winner.Thursday, the Swedish Academy Announce Gurnah won the highest literary award for his “uncompromising and compassionate penetration of the influence of colonialism and the fate of refugees in the chasm between different cultures and continents”.
The 2021 Nobel Prize season continues, and the highly anticipated Peace Prize will be announced on Friday, followed by the Economics Prize on Monday.
So far, eight people have won prestigious awards in the fields of medicine, physics, chemistry and literature this year.
Six award categories
The Nobel Prize aims to recognize the highest achievements in the fields of medicine, physics, chemistry, literature, peace and economic sciences. Nobel Prize winners, usually called Nobel Prize winners, can be individuals, groups or organizations.
The Nobel Prize has been awarded since 1901, five years after the death of Swedish chemist and explosive inventor Alfred Nobel. Nobel left one of the world’s largest private wealth to fund these awards.
In addition to the prestigious title, the winner will also receive an 18-carat gold medal and bonus, which has increased from approximately US$1 million in 2020 to US$1.1 million this year.
Five of the awards were announced by various research institutes and colleges across Sweden, and the Nobel Peace Prize was announced by the Norwegian Nobel Institute in Oslo, the capital of Norway.
[Al Jazeera]Famous winners from 1901 to 2020
From 1901 to 2020, a total of 603 Nobel Prizes were awarded to 962 winners.
The Polish-born French physicist Marie Curie won two Nobel Prizes in 1903 and 1911 for her advancement in physics and chemistry, and was the first person to win the Nobel Prize.
In 2014, 17-year-old Malala Yousefzai became the youngest Nobel Prize winner. She shared the Peace Prize with Kailash Satyarthi in recognition of their “opposing the suppression of children and young people and fighting for the right of all children to education”.
Some other notable Nobel Prize winners include Albert Einstein (1921, Physics), Martin Luther King Jr. (1964, Peace), and Nelson Mandela (1993, Peace) .
[Al Jazeera]Winners from all continents
Although the Nobel Prize is a global award, only more than half of all winners are from Europe. As of 2020, the United States has the largest number of Nobel Prize winners at 281.
After Europe and North America, Asia ranks third in the number of Nobel Prize winners with 72, followed by Africa (27), Oceania (15) and South America (11).
[Al Jazeera]Huge gender gap
More than 90% of Nobel Prize winners are men. In 2020, 4 out of 11 Nobel Prize winners are women.
Lars Brink, the former chairman of the Nobel Committee on Physics, said in an interview with Al Jazeera that there is a time lag between scientists completing their discoveries and awarding the Nobel Prize.
He said that in terms of physics, many Nobel Prize winners made their discoveries from the 1960s to the 1980s, when there were few female professors. “The situation will be much better,” he added, but it will take more time.
[Al Jazeera]2021 winners
On Monday, American scientists David Julius and Arden Pataptian won the Nobel Prize in Medicine for discovering neural receptors for temperature and touch.
The next day, American and Japanese scientists Hidero Manabe, Klaus Hasselman of Germany and George Parisi of Italy won physics prizes for their climate model and understanding of physical systems.
On Wednesday, scientists Benjamin List and David WC MacMillan won the highest award in chemistry for developing a new catalyst that accelerates chemical reactions.
On Thursday, Guna won a literary prize for his work on colonialism and the influence of refugees.
[ad_2]
Source link