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WASHINGTON, Aug. 19 (PTI) Smoking, alcohol consumption, high body mass index (BMI) and other known risk factors were responsible for nearly 4.45 million cancer deaths worldwide in 2019, according to research published Friday in The Lancet. s reason.
These findings can help policymakers and researchers identify key risk factors that can be targeted for reducing cancer deaths and ill health regionally, nationally and globally.
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Christopher Murray, director of the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) at the University of Washington, said: “This study shows that the burden of cancer remains a significant public health challenge and is growing on a global scale. come bigger.”
“Smoking remains a major risk factor for cancer globally, with other important contributors to cancer burden varying,” said Murray, co-senior author of the study.
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Using results from the 2019 Global Disease, Injury and Risk Factors (GBD) Study, researchers investigated how 34 behavioral, metabolic, environmental and occupational risk factors contributed to death and ill health from 23 cancer types in 2019.
Changes in cancer burden due to risk factors from 2010 to 2019 were also assessed.
Estimates of the cancer burden are based on mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), which measure the number of years of life lost due to death and the number of years lived with disability.
In addition to the 4.45 million cancer deaths that accounted for 44.4 percent of all cancer deaths in 2019, the risk factors included in the analysis resulted in 105 million cancer DALYs for both men and women worldwide in 2019—42.0 percent of all DALYs for that year, the researchers said.
Behavioural risk factors such as tobacco use, alcohol use, unsafe sex and dietary risk account for the vast majority of the global cancer burden, accounting for 3.7 million deaths and 87.8 million DALYs in 2019, they said.
The study showed that nearly 2.88 million deaths in men (50.6% of all male cancer deaths) were attributable to the risk factors studied, compared to 1.58 million deaths in women (36.3% of all female cancer deaths).
The leading risk factor for cancer death and poor health in both men and women globally is smoking, followed by alcohol consumption and high BMI, the researchers said.
The leading causes of risk-related cancer deaths in both men and women globally were tracheal, bronchial and lung cancers, which accounted for 36.9% of all cancer deaths due to risk factors, they said.
This was followed by colon and rectal cancer (13.3%), esophagus (9.7%) and stomach (6.6%) in men, and cervical cancer (17.9%), colon and rectum (15.8%) and breast cancer (15.8%) in women ( 11%).
Poor health attributable to environmental and occupational, behavioral, and metabolic risk factors increases with age, peaking in the 1970s according to the country’s Socio-Demographic Index (SDI), and countries at the high end of the spectrum tend to peak later in life.
The five regions with the highest cancer mortality rates due to risk factors were Central Europe (82 deaths per 100,000), East Asia (69.8 per 100,000), and high-income North America (66.0 per 100,000) inhabitants), Southern Latin America (64.2 per 100,000) and Western Europe (63.8 per 100,000).
Patterns of cancer death and ill health due to environmental and occupational, behavioral, and metabolic risks vary around the world, with unsafe sex being a major risk factor for ill health in regions with low SDI ranges.
From 2010 to 2019, global cancer deaths due to risk factors increased by 20.4%, from 3.7 million to 4.45 million, the researchers said.
Poor health due to cancer increased by 16.8% over the same period, from 89.9 million to 105 million DALYs, they said.
Metabolic risk accounted for the largest percentage increase in cancer deaths and ill health, with a 34.7% increase in deaths and a 33.3% increase in DALYs.
“Policy efforts to reduce exposure to cancer risk factors at the population level are important and should be part of a comprehensive cancer control strategy, while also supporting early diagnosis and effective treatment,” said IHME Assistant Professor Lisa Force. PTI
(This is an unedited and auto-generated story from the Syndicated News feed, the body of the content may not have been modified or edited by LatestLY staff)
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