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Prostate cancer has very few obvious signs and symptoms, and the chance of developing prostate cancer rises rapidly after age 50
Men are at greater risk of prostate cancer as they age, doctors say, especially after they’re over 50, but warn that age isn’t the only determining factor.
While all men may be at risk, age is the biggest factor, said Dr. Ahmed Hindawy, a urology specialist at the Saudi German Hospital in Sharjah. “The older a man is, the greater his chances of developing prostate cancer,” Dr. Hindavi said.
Prostate cancer is called an asymptomatic disease because it can be completely asymptomatic – which often leads to detection at a later stage. Screening for this disease is important because it can be cured if caught early. “However, if found at a later stage, the patient needs lifelong treatment,” said Dr. Satyabrata Garanayak, a specialist in urology at Thumbay University Hospital.
Prostate cancer has very few obvious signs and symptoms. However, inability to urinate, pain or bleeding when urinating, or frequent urination are some common signs. “In advanced cases, if the cancer has spread to the bones, it can cause bone pain, or when it spreads to the lymph nodes, it can cause swelling in the legs,” says Dr. Garanayak.
Dr. Satyabrata Garanayak
Patients with these symptoms should consider getting tested, he added. Currently, the most widely used tests for prostate cancer are the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test and biopsy.
The prostate is a gland present in the male urethra that plays a vital role in reproduction as it supplies the prostatic fluid, which is an important component of semen (semen). The gland’s secretions not only help increase semen volume, but also help control the flow of urine and semen.
Dr. Garanayak said it would be a mistake to think that prostate cancer is a disease of aging, and one shouldn’t wait until a person has reached a certain age to start checking for signs and symptoms. “Waiting for symptoms to get screened is not a wise decision. Men are advised to schedule routine urologist visits starting at age 45 (if you have a family history of prostate cancer) and take a break beyond age 50,” says Dr. Garanayak .
He says men should be aware of the frequency and pain associated with urinating – as these can be big gains
Many risk factors, such as age, ethnicity and family history, are beyond control, Dr. Hindawy said. “But there are things you can do to reduce your risk of prostate cancer,” says Dr. Hindawy.
Dr. Ahmed Hindawy
Following a healthy eating pattern that includes a variety of colorful fruits, vegetables and whole grains, and avoiding or limiting red and processed meats and sugar-sweetened beverages, can help reduce your risk, he said.
Common Risk Factors
(Courtesy: Dr. Ahmed Hindawy)
- Age: Men under the age of 40 rarely get prostate cancer, but after age 50 the chance of prostate cancer rises rapidly. About 6 in 10 cases of prostate cancer occur in men over the age of 65.
- Race: Generally, men from European, African, and American races have a higher risk of prostate cancer. The reasons for racial and ethnic differences in risk status are unclear.
- Family History: You have more than one first-degree relative (father, son, or brother) with prostate cancer, including your mother or three generations of your father’s relatives.
- Geography: Prostate cancer is most common in North America, Northwest Europe, Australia, and the Caribbean Islands. Less common in Asia, Africa, Central and South America.
- Genetic changes: Some inherited genetic changes (mutations) appear to increase the risk of prostate cancer
Prostate Cancer Signs and Symptoms
(Courtesy: Dr. Satyabrata Garanayak)
- sexual dysfunction
- Weakness or numbness in the limbs
- Changes in bladder habits
- frequent pain
- blood in the urine
Screening for prostate cancer
- History and Physical Examination
- Most prostate cancers are initially detected by prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test or digital rectal examination (DRE) screening
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