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By Ani Rachman, Sdn No. 111/IX Teacher, Muaro Jambi Muhajirin, Jambi Province
nation world news The solar system is a collection of celestial bodies centered on the sun. There are many celestial bodies in the solar system, and planets are one of them.
Planets are celestial bodies that revolve around the sun. The time it takes to orbit a planet depends on the planet’s distance from the sun. The farther a planet is from the sun, the longer it takes to orbit.
There are eight planets in the solar system, they are:
- Wednesday
- Venus
- Earth
- Mars planet
- Jupiter
- Saturn
- Uranus
- Neptune
Also read: The distance from Earth to the sun and other planets in the solar system
Here is the explanation:
Wednesday
Illustration of the planet Mercury. Mercury exploration mission.
Mercury is the closest planet to the sun, with a diameter of 4,879.4 kilometers. The planet is 58 million kilometers from the sun.
Mercury is difficult to see in the sky when viewed from Earth at night. Mercury can only be seen before sunset or sunrise.
The special feature of this planet is that it orbits the sun quickly, but rotates very slowly. One day on Mercury is equal to 30 days on Earth.
Venus
Planet Venus illustrationVenus is the closest planet to Earth with a diameter of 12,104 kilometers. The planet is hotter than Mercury, which is closer to the sun.
This is because Venus has a thick atmosphere surrounded by clouds. So the sun’s rays are trapped in it.
The clouds around Venus are unique to this planet. Clouds look beautiful because they reflect sunlight, plus the planet is the brightest in the solar system.
Venus spins in the opposite direction to the other planets. Venus rotates clockwise, and one day on Venus is equal to 243 days on Earth.
Also read: Planetary rotation in order from fastest to slowest
Earth
Earth illustration. Scientists have revealed that the young Earth was covered in gas from magma and boiling oceans.Earth is the third planet from the sun and the only celestial body known to have life. With a diameter of 12,742 kilometers, Earth is the fifth largest planet in the solar system.
Earth is a special planet because water covers 70% of the surface, and the Earth’s atmosphere is 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen, allowing living things to breathe and survive on Earth. A day on earth is 24 hours. It takes about 365 days for the earth to revolve around the sun once.
Mars planet
Illustration of Mars.Mars is called the red planet and has a diameter of 6,779 kilometers. The planet is said to be about half the size of Earth. Also, a day on Mars is equal to 24.6 hours on Earth.
The planet’s poles are also covered in ice. The temperature on Mars is cooler than Earth, about 63°C below zero, because Mars is farther from the sun than Earth.
Also read: Order of lightest density of planets in the solar system
Jupiter
Jupiter, the fastest rotating planetJupiter is the largest planet in the solar system. Jupiter’s atmosphere is about 139,820 kilometers in diameter and is partly composed of hydrogen and helium.
The temperature on this planet is also very low, reaching almost -100 degrees Celsius. Jupiter is a planet mainly composed of gas.
The location of the core is far from the center, and the red blobs on this planet are giant storms. One day on Jupiter is equal to 12 years on Earth.
Saturn
Saturn Ring IllustrationSaturn is the sixth planet from the sun and the second largest planet in the solar system. Saturn is mainly composed of hydrogen and helium. With a diameter of 116,460 kilometers, Saturn is 9 times larger than Earth.
Saturn appears to have rings around it. These rings consist of rings of rock, dust and ice trapped in Earth’s orbit.
Saturn is a gas giant that rotates very fast, causing the equator to bulge.
Therefore, the poles appear flatter than other planets. There are several moons orbiting Saturn, the most famous of which is Titan.
Also read: Do other planets spin like Earth?
Uranus
Illustration of Uranus.Uranus is the seventh planet from the sun and has a diameter of 50.724 kilometers. Uranus is four times larger than Earth. The atmosphere of Uranus is mainly composed of molecular hydrogen and atomic helium, with a small amount of methane.
Uranus has two sets of rings. The internal system consists of nine rings, mostly dark brown in color, with a narrow shape.
And on the outside there are two rings, red and blue. One day on Uranus is equal to 84 Earth years.
Neptune
Neptune planet mapNeptune is the eighth planet from the sun and the farthest planet. Uranus is the fourth largest planet in the solar system. It has a diameter of 49,244 kilometers and a volume 57.7 times that of Earth.
Neptune’s atmosphere consists mostly of hydrogen with some helium and methane. Methane absorbs red light to give Neptune its blue color. One day on Neptune is equal to 165 Earth years.
Also read: Difference between planets, stars and moons
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